The content of defective beans directly affects coffee quality and grade classification. Taking Brazil as an example, the local system uses a "deduction method," grading based on the number of defective beans per 300 grams of main beans. In addition, coffee usually requires hand sorting during processing, and only by fully mastering the types and characteristics of defective beans can they be effectively removed. So exactly how many types of defective beans are there? This article will use illustrated explanations to introduce ten common defective beans one by one, including shell beans, stones, moldy beans, fermented beans, dead beans, immature beans, shell beans, insect-damaged beans, black beans, and cocoa beans, explaining their causes, appearance characteristics, and negative effects on coffee flavor, laying the foundation for subsequent learning about defective bean selection. [more…]

The coffee beans themselves are the biggest factor affecting coffee flavor. If you don't choose high-quality coffee beans, you won't be able to taste good coffee. Today, I'll share some practical tips for beginners on selecting and identifying coffee beans. Coffee bean brands suitable for beginners to learn about For inexperienced newcomers, the complicated cof [more…]

Believe it or not, many coffee newbies have heard of Yirgacheffe coffee~ Nowadays, many coffee shops offer 1-2 types of Yirgacheffe coffee beans for making single-origin coffee. Yirgacheffe coffee origin: Yirgacheffe is actually a small town in Ethiopia, and as long as it is grown and produced in this town, [more…]

Blue Mountain coffee is produced in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica at elevations between 910 and 1,700 meters. The variety is Typica, and it is known for its balanced acidity, sweetness, and bitterness, full and solid body, long-lasting sweet aftertaste, and absence of burnt bitterness. Because annual production is limited, authentic Blue Mountain No. 1 coffee beans in China usually sell for 150 to 400 yuan (100 to 200 grams), while products labeled "Blue Mountain flavor" or "Blue Mountain blend" are not true Blue Mountain coffee. This article systematically introduces the methods baristas use to identify authentic Blue Mountain No. 1 from perspectives such as the wooden barrel and certificate, bean size and uniformity, appearance characteristics, and raw bean color. It also compares the flavor performance of washed and natural processing methods and shares Front Street Coffee's brewing parameters and techniques to help enthusiasts build a clear identification framework. [more…]

Previously, we talked about the coffee grading in Ethiopia. Today, let's take a look at what the coffee grading in Kenya is like! After all, when we see Kenyan coffee, we will see things like AA and AB. What exactly do these refer to? What is AA TOP? [more…]

We know that coffee bean grading methods are usually based on the actual conditions of the growing country. Some are graded by bean size, such as Kenyan coffee; some by altitude, such as Blue Mountain coffee; and some by defect rate, such as Ethiopian coffee. As the gene pool of Arabica, Ethiopia has a wide variety of coffee varieties. [more…]

The coffee cherries of most varieties turn red when ripe, but the Yellow Bourbon variety is known for its ripe cherries that are yellow, and Yellow Bourbon is regarded as a precious variety in Brazil. In recent years, this variety has been highly praised by coffee buyers and roasters, partly because of its unique and high-quality flavor. [more…]

Every variety of coffee beans has different bean appearance (bean外貌) characteristics. In this article, Front Street will guide everyone through coffee bean appearance to identify coffee bean varieties, and what flavor characteristics do different coffee varieties have? ~| Typica (Typica) Typica originated in Ethiopia and southeastern Sudan. [more…]

A cup of authentic Jamaican Blue Mountain doesn't have to take the intense, bitter route. Its allure often lies in the balance between soft acidity, delicate sweetness, clean aroma, and a smooth mouthfeel. When the roast level changes, the flavor focus of Blue Mountain shifts as well: a light roast is brighter, a medium roast is more rounded, and a dark roast is fuller-bodied. When the budget is limited, first [more…]

Ethiopia is a genetic treasure trove of coffee, with a vast array of native varieties and unique flavors. From Yirgacheffe to Sidamo, from washed to natural, every bean is full of surprises. This article takes you deep into Ethiopia's coffee variety classifications, flavor characteristics, processing method differences, the Red Cherry Project, and its unique grading system, and shares Front Street Coffee's cupping and brewing experience to help you gain a comprehensive understanding of this major African coffee country. [more…]

Although there are a great many varieties of coffee beans, when coffee beans on the market are classified by species, they can be divided into three types: Arabica, Robusta, and the relatively rare Liberica. If the numerous coffee beans are further classified by region, [more…]

The popularity of specialty coffee has led more and more people to pay attention to the differences between coffee bean varieties. As a recognized representative of high-quality coffee, Arabica encompasses numerous sub-varieties, which present ever-changing flavors under the influence of different origins and processing methods. Faced with an overwhelming array of choices, beginners who have just stepped into the world of specialty coffee often do not know where to start. This article will systematically sort out the main classifications of Arabica and provide three practical screening approaches, while also listing eight single-origin Arabica beans suitable for beginners to try, covering varieties such as Typica, Bourbon, Caturra, Catuai, Geisha, Ethiopian heirloom varieties, the SL series, and Catimor, to help you find your own cup in the vast world of coffee. [more…]

Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee is hailed as one of the most expensive coffees in the world, but where exactly does its reputation come from? This article will provide a comprehensive analysis of the true face of Blue Mountain coffee from multiple dimensions, including its historical origins, production areas, growing conditions, grade classifications, transportation methods, market supply landscape, and flavor profile. At the same time, it will also reveal a fact that is often overlooked: the so-called "Blue Mountain coffee" available domestically is, in the vast majority of cases, not truly produced in the core Blue Mountain production area. For enthusiasts who want to gain a deeper understanding of Blue Mountain coffee, this article will help you build a clear cognitive framework. [more…]

The emergence of specialty coffee has not only drawn attention to coffee flavors, but the differences between varieties have also become a key point of discussion. As a major coffee species, Arabica is widely recognized as the representative of excellent coffee varieties, and its many sub-varieties, depending on different growing regions and processing methods, can exhibit [more…]

High-value Yirgacheffe recommendation. Front Street Coffee washed Yirgacheffe coffee beans. Region: Ethiopia Yirgacheffe. Altitude: 2300 meters. Variety: heirloom. Processing method: washed. Flavor notes: lemon, citrus, tea-like, honey, berry. Recommended because: classic Yirgacheffe flavor, affordable price, can be brewed [more…]

Mandheling is not the name of a region, place, port, or coffee variety. Its name actually comes from a mispronunciation of the Indonesian Mandailing ethnic group. During World War II, when Japan occupied Indonesia, a Japanese soldier drank a rich and mellow [more…]

African coffee beans are mostly characterized by floral and fruity flavors, forming a sharp contrast with the mellow, bitter, and spicy flavors of Asian coffee and the nutty, caramel flavors of American coffee. As a representative of African coffee, Kenyan coffee has a rich berry aroma, along with the acidic notes of dark plum juice and grapefruit; its acidity is full-bodied with a slight caramel taste; while Ethio [more…]

If you know anything about coffee, you're surely aware that coffee beans fall into two main categories: Robusta and Arabica. These are arguably the two most common bean varieties we encounter. But why is Arabica coffee more favored? So today, Front Street Coffee is here to share exactly what's going on between these two. [more…]

"Variety" is another consideration some friends use when selecting coffee beans, in addition to flavor and origin. Sidra, transliterated from "Sidra," also known as "Sydra" or "Bourbon Sidra." In Spanish, Sidra means "apple juice." [more…]

Coffee belongs to the Rubiaceae family, with over a hundred known species, but commercial cultivation is dominated by three major types: Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica. Among them, Arabica, with its outstanding aroma and flavor, accounts for over seventy percent of global production and is the core raw material for single-origin and specialty coffee. This article will systematically review the varietal characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and sub-varieties of Arabica, and introduce one by one the cultivated varieties, processing methods, grading standards, and flavor profiles of representative producing countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Indonesia. It will also incorporate Front Street Coffee's sourcing experience and recommendations to help coffee enthusiasts build a complete framework for understanding origins. [more…]